東大志望の受験生のためのサイト

　皆さん、こんにちは！ 今回は数あるTEDのプレゼンの中でも有名なものの中の一つ、"How to start a movement"「社会運動はどうやって起こすか」の講演者である、デレク・シヴァーズのプレゼンを扱います。
"How to start a movement"は映像をふんだんに使ったプレゼンなのであまりリスニングには適さないですが、内容的にはとても面白いので興味があれば是非聞いてみてくださいね！⇒リンクはこちら

　"goal"すなわち目標。皆さんには東大合格という大きな目標があると思いますが、その目標に対して人はどう行動すべきなのか、聞いてみましょう。




⇒問題はこちら

問1. 次の(1)〜(4)の問いに対してそれぞれ正しい答えを一つ選び、その記号を記せ。
(1) You should keep your target secret because…
ア you are likely to take talking for doing.
イ psychologists found that it is conventional wisdom.
ウ telling someone about your goal makes you feel less motivated.
エ if you don’t, it will become part of your identity

(2) According to the speaker, which of following describes the concept of the “social reality”?
ア It is the wisdom that people in a society needs.
イ It is the situation that is caused by human’s misunderstandings that satisfy your mind.
ウ It is the social tests that Kurt Lewin carried out to examine human’s satisfaction.
エ It is the psychological idea about how a man should achieve his goal.

(3) Who found that people tend to think things real when they are acknowledged by someone?
ア Vera Mahler
イ Kurt Lewin
ウ Peter Gollwitzer
エ Derek Sivers

(4) In the psychological tests mentioned in this paragraph, which is true?
ア Half of the people who took the test put their goal down.
イ people who kept their mouth shut accomplished their goal in 33minutes.
ウ people who didn’t announce their goal tended to be displeased with what they had done.
エ It didn’t matter whether they made their goal known or not.


問２. 以下の文章が英文と一致するように空所　(1)~(4)を埋めよ。
It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests -- everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them ( 1 ) to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that ( 2 ). Now, those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes, on average, and when asked afterwards,said that ( 3 ) to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes, on average, and ( 4 ), said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.


⇒ヒントはこちら

You should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling now will make you less likely to do it.
When you tell someone your goal and they acknowledge it, psychologists have found that it's called a "social reality." The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it's already done. But if you do need to talk about something, you can state it in a way that gives you no satisfaction.


上記の英文はこのプレゼンの核となる部分です。よく聞き取れなかった人は英文をよく読んだ上でもう一度聞いてみてください。

⇒解答・解説はこちら